This is the most refined of the two Herbaria written in the fifteenth century and preserved in the Biblioteca Estense Universitaria di Modena (the other one being the Tractatus de Herbis).
Composed in ancient French with a fascinating Gothic script (bastarda or lettre bâtarde), the manuscript describes more than 500 plants and animals. It’s closely related to the work of Pedanius Dioscorides, active in the first century, and to the scientific production of the Schola Medica Salernitana, which worked on the consolidation of the Greek, Latin and Arabic schools of medicine in the twelfth century.
The manuscript, produced around 1470, has been a part of the collection of the Biblioteca Estense in Modena since the second half of the eighteenth century. It is bound with the leather cover typical of the period during which Girolamo Tiraboschi was director of the library.
The author organizes the manuscript in alphabetical order (based on the first letter of the name of the plant) and accompanies each text with the depiction of the plant.
The richness of this codex is proof that it was made for the most illustrious people of the time. The miniatures, all painted by a single artist, are very realistic, especially those depicting the herbs. The medical plants and remedies discussed by the author are more or less 500. The pages are richly illuminated, and are decorated in gold 23ct. There are many images of plants, herbs, flowers, animals, and farm scenes. The manuscript contains 391 images: 355 are of plants, flowers, and roots; 26 are of animals or minerals; and 10 are illuminated scenes of natural life.
In the catalog of the Biblioteca Estense, the manuscript is described as:
DE URFE. Dictionarium Gallicum herbarium cum herbs elegantissime expressos, litterisque versicoloribus, auroque ut plurimum intextis. In quo herbarium virtues, atque ut in extreme opera dicitur secret salernitana continentur.
D’Urfé appears among the owners of the book.
The name “Jehan Duboys” appears in first pages of the manuscript: he was probably the copyist, but he also added a number of comments to the text during its replication.
The manuscript is probably derived from the British Library Egerton MS 747 (Otto Pächt).
Binding description
Binding
Brown leather binding. On the spine, the title "Dictionar gallicum Herbarum" is blind-tooled in gold.
We have 1 facsimile edition of the manuscript "Estense Herbal": Herbolaire o Grant Herbier facsimile edition, published by Imago, 2006
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